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	<title>Satyagraha Foundation &#187; Geoffrey Ostergaard</title>
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	<description>for Nonviolence Studies</description>
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		<title>Sarvodaya and the Struggle for Nonviolent Revolution in India</title>
		<link>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/sarvodaya-and-the-struggle-for-nonviolent-revolution-in-india/</link>
		<comments>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/sarvodaya-and-the-struggle-for-nonviolent-revolution-in-india/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Mar 2016 10:06:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Geoffrey Ostergaard</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Constructive Programme]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WRI/IISG Project]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/?p=10835</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Geoffrey Ostergaard In March 1974, following a student demonstration in Patna against the Bihar Government and Assembly that resulted in widespread arson and looting and several deaths, Jayaprakash Narayan (JP) the leader of the Socialist Party and former Gandhi supporter, accepted an invitation from the student leaders to give guidance and direction to their [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Nonviolent Anarchism: The Convergence of Pacifism and Anarchism</title>
		<link>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/nonviolent-anarchism-the-convergence-of-pacifism-and-anarchism/</link>
		<comments>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/nonviolent-anarchism-the-convergence-of-pacifism-and-anarchism/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Feb 2016 09:17:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Geoffrey Ostergaard</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pacifism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/?p=10624</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Geoffrey Ostergaard The development of Christian Anarchism presaged the increasing convergence (but not complete merging) of pacifism and anarchism in the 20th century. The outcome is the school of thought and action (one of its tenets is developing thought through action) known as ‘pacifist anarchism’, ‘anarcho-pacifism’ and ‘nonviolent anarchism’. Experience of two world wars [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Gandhian Nonviolence and Passive Resistance</title>
		<link>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/gandhian-nonviolence-and-passive-resistance/</link>
		<comments>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/gandhian-nonviolence-and-passive-resistance/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Apr 2015 07:52:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Geoffrey Ostergaard</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Gandhi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Satyagraha]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/?p=8603</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Geoffrey Ostergaard Editor’s Preface: This previously unpublished essay is the text of a speech delivered by Geoffrey Ostergaard (1926-1990) 25 October, 1974 to the Muirhead Society, University of Birmingham (UK), and is another in our ongoing series of rediscoveries of important historical interpretations of Gandhian nonviolence. Ostergaard was one of Gandhi’s most intelligent critics, [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Nonviolent Revolution: Origins of the Concept</title>
		<link>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/nonviolent-revolution-origins-of-the-concept/</link>
		<comments>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/nonviolent-revolution-origins-of-the-concept/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Mar 2013 10:20:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Geoffrey Ostergaard</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bart de Ligt Project]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gandhi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Satyagraha]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tolstoy]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/?p=2344</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Geoffrey Ostergaard “Nonviolent revolution” is a relatively novel and, at first glance, paradoxical concept. In classifying principled nonviolence, Gene Sharp describes it as “the most recent type”, dating from about 1945, and as “still very much a direction of developing thought and action rather than a fixed ideology and program.” (1) As the term [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Gandhian Sarvodaya and Anarchism</title>
		<link>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/gandhian-sarvodaya-and-anarchism/</link>
		<comments>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/gandhian-sarvodaya-and-anarchism/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Mar 2013 10:21:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Geoffrey Ostergaard</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Constructive Programme]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gandhi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/?p=2326</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Geoffrey Ostergaard “In the ideal state every one is his own ruler. He rules himself in such a manner that he is never a hindrance to his neighbour. In such a state, therefore, there is no political power because there is no State.” M. Gandhi  (Young India, 2 July 1931) The practical difference between [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Gandhian Nonviolence: Moral Principle or Political Technique</title>
		<link>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/gandhian-nonviolence-moral-principle-or-political-technique/</link>
		<comments>http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/gandhian-nonviolence-moral-principle-or-political-technique/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Feb 2013 10:28:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Geoffrey Ostergaard</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Bart de Ligt Project]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gandhi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Satyagraha]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Strategy & Tactics]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.satyagrahafoundation.org/?p=2107</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Geoffrey Ostergaard The early 20th century European anarchist-pacifist movement was early influenced by Gandhian nonviolence. Many anarcho-pacifists, such as Ostergaard and Bart de Ligt, found in satyagraha and Gandhi’s social programs the counterpart for the more violent European anarchist strains they were eager to reject. Ostergaard’s distinction between nonviolence as a moral principle and [...]]]></description>
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